How MICR Toners Work

Have you ever wondered why your checks haveThe MICR reading process works using what is
a line of characters printed on its bottom side andcalled the waveform theory. To put it simply, the
why these characters look different? This line issignals emitted by the magnetized characters
called the MICR line. It is printed using a specificprinted with MICR toners on the MICR line create
font type and with a special kind of ink. This ink iscorresponding waves. The peaks of these waves,
called the MICR toner.both positive and negative, must be of the right
MICR toners are necessary to make theheight or depth in order for the reader-sorter
processing of checks easier and faster. Theymachine to make the correct reading. The position
enable the reader-sorter machines that banks useof these waves must also be in the correct grid.
to recognize the information that MICR lines carry;This is why accuracy is so important when it
they are the reason why automation in checkcomes to printing checks with MICR toners. The
processing is possible.correct percentage of iron oxide additives in the
How do MICR toners make automation of checkMICR toner itself contributes to the signal
processing possible?strength of the reading. If the signals are too
The Nature of MICR Toners and the MICRweak or too strong, errors will occur in the
Reading Processpeaking of the waves. The position of the waves
MICR is short for magnetic ink characterallows the machine to anticipate the signals and
recognition. As its name suggests, MICR tonersthus recognize the character being read. If the
have magnetic components in the form of ironprinted character is skewed or is not in the
oxide additives. These iron oxide additives are thecorrect size, the machine would get the wrong
reason why reader-sorter machines can readsignals and fail to read the printout.
checks.There cannot be any variations in the peaks or in
When a check is fed into the reader-sorterthe position of the characters printed with MICR
machine, the MICR line passes across a check totoners. The reader-sorter machine would find
make the iron oxide magnetized and emit a signal.them impossible to read.
Afterwards, the check is read by a magneticThe Importance of Choosing the Right MICR
read head. The contact between the magnetizedToner
MICR line and the magnetic read head creates anGiven the way reader-sorter machines process
electromagnetic field, also called a flux pattern.checks, it is important that you use a good quality
The flux pattern in turn creates a current in theMICR printer and a good quality MICR toner when
read head. This allows the characters in the MICRyou do your check printing. If the printer does not
line to be recognized by the machine. Theprint it correctly, where there are voids, spotting,
strength of the flux pattern and the timing of theclipped edges or blurred lines on the MICR line, the
line's passage under the read head are essential inmachine would not be able to read the printout.
determining the accuracy of the characterThe same goes if the MICR toner is not of the
recognition.correct formula or does not have the right
The Waveform Theoryamount of iron oxide additives.